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Indira Awaas Yojana
Indira Awaas Yojana is a social welfare flagship programme, created by the Indian Government, to provide housing for the rural poor in India. The differentiation is made between rural poor and urban poor for a separate set of schemes operate for the urban poor(like the Basic Services for Urban Poor). This scheme was launched by Rajiv Gandhi,the Prime Minister of India at that time. It was one of the major flagship programs of the Rural Development Ministry to construct houses for BPL population in the villages. Under the scheme, financial assistance worth in plain areas and 〔http://iay.nic.in/netiay/more_cons.htm〕 in difficult areas (high land area) is provided for construction of houses. The houses are allotted in the name of the woman or jointly between husband and wife. The construction of the houses is the sole responsibility of the beneficiary and engagement of contractors is strictly prohibited. Sanitary latrine and smokeless chullah are required to be constructed along with each IAY house for which additional financial assistance is provided from Total Sanitation Campaign and Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana respectively.() This scheme, operating since 1985, provides subsidies and cash-assistance to people in villages to construct their houses, themselves.
==History==
Started in 1985 as part of the Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Programme (RLEGP), Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) was subsumed in Jawahar rojgar Yojana (JRY) in 1989 and has been operating as an independent scheme since 1996.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://rural.nic.in/rh.htm )〕 From 1995–96 the scheme has been further extended to widows or next-of-kin of defence personnel killed in action, ex-servicemen and retired members of the paramilitary forces who wish to live in rural areas as long as they meet basic eligibility criteria.
Given that India has been historically a populous and poor country, the need of proper housing for the refugees and villagers has been a focus of Government's welfare schemes since the time of India's independence.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://rural.nic.in/iaygd2.htm )〕 As a result various welfare schemes like House Sites cumg Construction Assistance Scheme have been ongoing since the 1950s.〔 However, it was only in the 1983 that a focussed fund for creation of housing for scheduled castes (SCs), scheduled tribes (STs) and freed bonded labour was set up under Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Programme (RLEGP). This gave birth to IAY in the fiscal year 1985–86.〔
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